Use of hyaluronic acid in dentistry

What is hyaluronic acid?

Hyaluronic acid is a high molecular weight polysaccharide that is formed from the joining of numerous monosaccharide units by glycosidic bonds. This organic compound, also known as hyaluronate or hyaluronan, is found naturally in various tissues of the human body, including the skin, joints and eyes.

Its molecular structure is composed of D-glucuronic acid and N-acetyl-D-glucosamine units. The physical and biochemical properties of hyaluronic acid make it a component capable of maintaining tissue integrity and facilitating physiological processes such as tissue hydration and cellular interaction.

Properties and benefits

The properties of hyaluronic acid offer a number of benefits in various medical fields, including dentistry.

Hygroscopicity and viscoelastic properties

The hydrophilic characteristic of hyaluronic acid makes it a highly moisturizing component, capable of absorbing and retaining large amounts of water to keep the skin and tissues hydrated. This hygroscopicity combined with its viscoelastic properties makes hyaluronic acid a useful compound in different dental procedures, providing structural support and protection against pathogen migration.

Bacteriostatic and anti-inflammatory effect

Several studies have demonstrated the ability of hyaluronic acid to exhibit a bacteriostatic effect, i.e., it can inhibit the growth or reproduction of bacteria, especially against pathogens associated with periodontal diseases such as Staphylococcus aureus and Prevotella oris. In addition to its bacteriostatic action, hyaluronic acid also acts as an anti-inflammatory agent by inhibiting leukocyte migration and the release of proinflammatory cytokines.

Biocompatibility and safety

Due to its high biocompatibility, hyaluronic acid does not induce adverse immune responses when used during tissue regeneration therapies. In general, its use is very safe in the oral cavity, and it has no adverse effects or contraindications.

Types of hyaluronic acid products

Hyaluronic acid is available in different formats and concentrations, from topical gels to injectable formulations, designed to suit various procedures. These formats allow medical professionals the flexibility to choose the most appropriate option according to the patient's needs and the type of intervention.

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Uses in dentistry: When and how?

Hyaluronic acid has been shown to be useful in a wide variety of dental procedures, including periodontics, oral and maxillofacial surgery, oral medicine and orthodontics. Its use can be both preventive and therapeutic.

In the treatment of periodontal diseases such as gingivitis and periodontitis, hyaluronic acid has been used as an adjuvant to mechanical therapy to reduce inflammation, promote healing and control bacterial load. Its administration has been shown to be effective in both the acute and chronic phases of these pathologies, helping to improve the quality of life of patients and optimizing treatment results.

Thanks to its biochemical properties and its ability to modulate the inflammatory response and promote angiogenesis, hyaluronic acid is a useful tool in surgical procedures such as periodontal surgery and implantology, facilitating wound healing and tissue regeneration in the oral cavity.

Application techniques

The application of hyaluronic acid in dentistry can be performed in different ways, varying according to the procedure and therapeutic objectives. Professionals know the proper use of each presentation.

Topical application

The use of hyaluronic acid gels is common in the treatment of gingival disease and improvement of periodontal health. These topically applied formulations can be administered directly to the oral mucosa, providing pain relief, reducing inflammation and improving wound healing.

Injectable application

In more invasive procedures, hyaluronic acid can also be administered by localized injections in the area of intervention, helping to precise the application and penetration of the compound into the tissues.

Clinical considerations

Despite the benefits of hyaluronic acid in the field of dentistry, it is important to take into account a number of clinical considerations prior to its use. To provide optimal results and minimize the risk of complications, the patient's state of health should be evaluated, the most appropriate format should be chosen and medical personnel trained in the application of this compound should be available.

Fortunately, hyaluronic acid for dental use has no side effects.

Benefits for both patients and dentists

Thanks to the properties of hyaluronic acid, dental patients benefit from its ability to relieve pain, promote wound healing and improve oral health through its preventive benefits. Moreover, dentists have a versatile therapeutic tool with which to supplement or enhance the results of conventional treatments, improving the patient's experience and the clinic's efficiency.

Specialties of dentistry most benefited from its use

Although hyaluronic acid can be used for different dental specialties, it is frequently used in periodontics, oral surgery and implantology treatments. Its anti-inflammatory, bacteriostatic and tissue regeneration properties help maximize treatment results in these areas.

Linking hyaluronic acid to aesthetics and from aesthetics to emotional health.

Numerous studies have demonstrated the interrelationship between oral health, esthetic perception and emotional health of individuals, psychological factors such as depression are associated with a negative perception of oral health and a higher incidence of untreated dental problems. In addition, it has been observed that self-esteem is affected by the perception of oral health and facial appearance, influencing people's willingness to seek cosmetic treatments.

The use of hyaluronic acid in dentistry can contribute to both the health and aesthetic appearance of the patient's smile and facial soft tissues, having a positive impact on their emotional health and psychological well-being. An aesthetically pleasing smile can increase people's confidence and quality of life.