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Help Guides Gum Care Guide In this guide to gum care, you’ll find all the information you need to keep your mouth and gums healthy. We’ll look at the main diseases that affect the gums, how to prevent them, and how to treat them. Discover the best treatments for gingivitis and periodontitis, and what care each type of gum needs. Consult

Pathologies Gingival hyperplasia In this article we will explore the various causes of gingival hyperplasia, as well as the treatments available for its effective management.

What is gingival hyperplasia

Gingival hyperplasia is the uncontrolled growth of cells in the gums, which results in a large portion of the teeth being covered by the gums, preventing proper chewing and, in some cases, proper tooth alignment. The most common symptoms of hyperplasia, also known as gingival hypertrophy, are:

Oversized and swollen gums.
Halitosis.
Sharp pain when brushing teeth.
Difficulty chewing and articulating words.

It has been found that hyperplasia occurs most frequently in young men, especially if they neglect or perform their daily oral hygiene poorly. Although the presence of dental biofilm is not always sufficient to cause hyperplasia, is undoubtedly a factor that could aggravate this oral condition. In addition to causing problems and discomfort when eating, gingival hyperplasia is a a major obstacle to the social life of those who suffer from it, since it may have difficulty smiling, speaking, or eating in public.

Causes of gingival hyperplasia

Among the factors that exacerbate gingival hyperplasia are poor oral hygiene, which leads to the buildup of dental biofilm above and below the gums. As they fight the infection caused by the biofilm, the gums swell to the point of bleeding. These accumulations can then exacerbate preexisting oral health conditions that contribute to the development of hyperplasia. If it manifests itself in children aged 5 to 12i.e, during the period of tooth replacement, the eruption of permanent teeth may be delayed or occur in a disorderly manner, and may also lead to crowding or impaction. Hyperplasia can also may occur as a result of pregnancy, as a result of the hormonal changes to which pregnant women are typically subjected. In these cases, Hyperplasia usually resolves spontaneously by the end of pregnancy as hormone levels return to normal. Gingival hyperplasia can also occur in the presence of diseases that severely affect the immune system, such as:

HIV infection.
Crohn's disease.

When gingival inflammation is caused by one of these conditions, The hyperplasia itself will regress as the condition is treated and improves. Therefore, in these cases, it is necessary to address factors outside the oral cavity. There are also certain pharmaceutical compounds such as cyclosporine, the Nifedipine and phenytoin have been identified as molecules directly responsible for the development of gingival hyperplasia. Once the drugs containing these molecules are discontinued, the gum tissue shrinks and stabilizes.

Symptoms of gingival hyperplasia

The gum tissue is swollen, occur interdental growths and it is possible that the growth will occur upward and cover the surface both the inner and outer surfaces of the teeth. The pain, the type and intensity of which may vary, the redness of the gum tissuethe bleeding, etc. In addition to having trouble performing routine dental care, it can be difficult to chew, and you may feel a a constant feeling of discomfort due to the presence of an abnormal mass in the mouth. Poor hygiene resulting from an inability to maintain proper dental care leads to a increase in bacterial concentration. This, in turn, can lead to periodontitis. [cta_block cta_category='gum-care' cta_id='25974']

Treatment of gingival hyperplasia

Treatments for gingival hyperplasia aim to reduce patient discomfort causing the swollen gums to subside. If the hyperplasia is drug-induced, the treatment approach consists of medical monitoring, with the reduction or discontinuation of the medication causing the enlargement and its replacement with an equivalent alternative. To evaluate this possibility, the dentist must consult with the physician who prescribed the medication in question. Next, it is necessary to wait 6 to 12 months for the gums to return to their normal size. In the meantime, patients should be advised on the importance of oral hygiene and controlling dental biofilm, and instructed on the best ways and means to keep your mouth clean despite gingival hyperplasia. The inflammation It should be treated separately using a non-surgical therapy. This implies the biofilm control, whether through oral hygiene at home or professional tartar removal, as well as periodontal treatments and therapies tailored to the extent of the inflammation. If non-surgical therapy proves insufficient, the dentist may perform a gingivectomy or mucogingival plastic surgery. The operation It does not usually have any specific contraindications, and has proven to be quite successful when special techniques such as the laser, which reduces local bleeding. However, gingivectomy should only be performed in cases of recurrence or severe, persistent enlargement that does not resolve. Even after gingivectomy, and in any case at all stages of gingival hyperplasia treatment, as well as for the prevention of its development, it is essential to emphasize the The importance of controlling dental biofilm and maintaining daily oral hygiene.

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