Oncology Patient in Dentistry

Dentistry plays a crucial role in the comprehensive care of cancer patients undergoing treatments such as chemotherapy and radiotherapy. These treatments, although vital in combating cancer, can have adverse side effects that affect patients' oral health.

Side effects of chemotherapy and radiotherapy on oral health

Chemotherapy and radiotherapy treatments are not without side effects that can affect the patient's quality of life. Among the most common side effects that can have an impact on oral health are:

Dry mouth

Decreased salivary flow in patients undergoing chemotherapy and radiation therapy can cause dry mouth, which increases the risk of tooth decay and gum disease. This is because saliva not only lubricates the mouth and facilitates swallowing, but also protects against tooth decay by neutralizing acids and helps maintain healthy gums. Dry mouth compromises these natural defenses, allowing harmful bacteria to thrive, erode tooth enamel and increase the gums' vulnerability to inflammation and periodontal disease.

Difficulty swallowing

Patients undergoing chemotherapy and radiation therapy often face difficulty swallowing food and liquids due to mucositis, a painful inflammation of the oral mucosa. This condition not only causes significant discomfort, but can also lead to malnutrition due to reduced appetite and inadequate nutrient intake. Mouth sores resulting from mucositis can further worsen the situation by making eating difficult and increasing the risk of oral infections.

Changes in the sense of taste

Treatments can also alter patients' sense of taste, causing dysgeusia, which can result in the perception of unpleasant tastes or even complete loss of taste. This altered sense of taste can have a negative impact on appetite and food selection, leading to possible malnutrition and significant weight loss or weight gain. It is essential to have the support of a multidisciplinary medical team including dietitians or nutritionists, who can provide guidance on how to adapt the patient's diet and ensure adequate nutritional intake during treatment.

The importance of dental care prior to treatment

One of the crucial steps before starting chemotherapy or radiation therapy is to seek the care of a dentist who specializes in oncology dentistry. It is recommended that patients visit the dentist at least two weeks before beginning treatment. During this visit, the dentist will perform a thorough examination of the patient's mouth, including x-rays to ensure that the teeth and gums are in optimal health.

This pre-treatment period provides an opportunity to address any oral problems that may exist and to learn about the care needed during chemotherapy or radiation therapy. Collaboration between the patient, oncologist and dentist is essential to ensure comprehensive care.

It should also be noted that in the event of any oral condition appearing during the radiotherapy or chemotherapy treatment, the patient can go to the dental clinic where the dentist and his team will provide the appropriate oral care for the patient's situation.

Oral care during chemotherapy and radiation therapy

To help oncology patients prevent and alleviate oral discomfort caused by chemotherapy and radiotherapy, specific products and solutions are available:

Dry Mouth

Dry mouth is a common problem in patients undergoing cancer treatment. To combat this symptom, it is recommended to have a good daily fluid intake and to accompany it with the use of products designed to moisturize and protect the oral cavity. One example is KIN Hidrat Spray, an oral spray that contains salts similar to those found in natural saliva. Its formula is able to moisturize and provide a pleasant sensation of freshness.

In addition, the KIN Hidrat line offers a moisturizing oral gel in single-dose format. This product, called Kin Hidrat gel, contains 10% xylitol and a bioadhesive excipient that protects and refreshes the oral cavity for a prolonged period of time.

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Sores or ulcerations

Mucositis, a painful inflammation of the oral mucosa, is a common side effect of oncological treatments that is often associated with the appearance of sores. To alleviate this discomfort, there are products such as Kin Care gel, a bioadhesive gel containing hyaluronic acid and aloe vera, which provides quick comfort to the patient on the affected areas. Also available is KIN Care rinse, designed for generalized application in the oral cavity. This rinse contains ingredients such as chlorhexidine, cetylpyridinium chloride, provitamin _B5, vitamin _B3 and aloe vera to moisturize and strengthen the oral mucosa, without alcohol and with a flavor soft so as not to irritate the mucosa.

Importance of daily brushing

Given the increased risk of oral infections and the decreased protective function of saliva, it is crucial to maintain excellent oral hygiene. We recommend the use of an extra toothbrush soft and a specialized toothpaste such as KIN Hidrat paste, which contains fluoride and 10% xylitol being effective in protecting against caries and at the same time soft in the maintenance of delicate gums.

Food and beverages

During chemotherapy, it is common for patients to experience pain in the mouth, which can make it difficult to eat. It is recommended to opt for foods that are easy to chew and swallow, such as purees, cooked foods or foods mixed with broth and sauces. Avoiding hot, sugary, spicy, acidic or high-carbonated foods can help protect tooth enamel and sensitive gums.

In conclusion, oral care in oncology patients undergoing chemotherapy and radiotherapy is essential to prevent complications and improve the quality of life during treatment. Specialized dental care, the use of specific products and an adequate diet are fundamental in this process. Collaboration between the patient, the medical team and the dentist is key to ensure a comprehensive approach in the care of these patients.